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| 1 | +package hashing; |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +import java.util.ArrayList; |
| 4 | +import java.util.HashMap; |
| 5 | +import java.util.List; |
| 6 | +import java.util.Map; |
| 7 | + |
| 8 | +/** |
| 9 | +* Created by gouthamvidyapradhan on 02/03/2019 |
| 10 | +* You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices |
| 11 | +* of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in words exactly once and without any intervening characters. |
| 12 | +* |
| 13 | +* Example 1: |
| 14 | +* |
| 15 | +* Input: |
| 16 | +* s = "barfoothefoobarman", |
| 17 | +* words = ["foo","bar"] |
| 18 | +* Output: [0,9] |
| 19 | +* Explanation: Substrings starting at index 0 and 9 are "barfoor" and "foobar" respectively. |
| 20 | +* The output order does not matter, returning [9,0] is fine too. |
| 21 | +* Example 2: |
| 22 | +* |
| 23 | +* Input: |
| 24 | +* s = "wordgoodgoodgoodbestword", |
| 25 | +* words = ["word","good","best","word"] |
| 26 | +* Output: [] |
| 27 | +* |
| 28 | +* Solution: |
| 29 | +* General idea is to do the following |
| 30 | +* 1. Calculate the word count for the given array of words and store this in a HashMap. |
| 31 | +* 2. For every substring (substring of s) of length (words[0].length() * words.length) split this into words of |
| 32 | +* length words[0].length and calculate the word frequency for the split words. If the word frequency matches |
| 33 | +* the word frequency of the given original word list then add the starting index of this substring into the result |
| 34 | +* array. |
| 35 | +* |
| 36 | +* A small optimization is to break the substring match as soon as you find out that the word formed from the substring |
| 37 | +* is not part of the original given word list or if the frequency of the word exceeds the frequency of the original |
| 38 | +* word count. |
| 39 | +*/ |
| 40 | +public class SubstringConcatenationOfWords { |
| 41 | + |
| 42 | +/** |
| 43 | +* Main method |
| 44 | +* @param args |
| 45 | +*/ |
| 46 | +public static void main(String[] args) { |
| 47 | +String[] words = {"word","good","best","word"}; |
| 48 | +System.out.println(new SubstringConcatenationOfWords().findSubstring("wordgoodgoodgoodbestword", words)); |
| 49 | +} |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +public List<Integer> findSubstring(String s, String[] words) { |
| 52 | +if(words.length == 0) return new ArrayList<>(); |
| 53 | +int wLen = words[0].length(); |
| 54 | +int sLen = wLen * words.length; |
| 55 | +List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>(); |
| 56 | +if(sLen > s.length()) return result; |
| 57 | +Map<String, Integer> countMap = new HashMap<>(); |
| 58 | +for(String w : words){ |
| 59 | +countMap.putIfAbsent(w, 0); |
| 60 | +countMap.put(w, countMap.get(w) + 1); |
| 61 | +} |
| 62 | +for(int k = 0; (s.length() - k) >= sLen; k++) { |
| 63 | +Map<String, Integer> subSMap = new HashMap<>(); |
| 64 | +int i = k; |
| 65 | +for(int j = i + wLen; (i - k) < sLen; i = j, j += wLen){ |
| 66 | +String subS = s.substring(i, j); |
| 67 | +subSMap.putIfAbsent(subS, 0); |
| 68 | +subSMap.put(subS, subSMap.get(subS) + 1); |
| 69 | +if(!countMap.containsKey(subS) || subSMap.get(subS) > countMap.get(subS)){ |
| 70 | +break; |
| 71 | +} |
| 72 | +} |
| 73 | +if((i - k) >= sLen){ |
| 74 | +result.add(k); |
| 75 | +} |
| 76 | +} |
| 77 | +return result; |
| 78 | +} |
| 79 | +} |
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