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+"""
+tic-tac-toe Game using PySimpleGUI
+
+An update to the initial version where once the current board is
+Won/Complete, a Yes/No popup would let the players decide
+if they would want to continue playing.
+
+YES would let them continue playing the game.
+NO would take the control back to the game
+initialization window to start a fresh session with
+new players.
+
+Design pattern used for implementing multiple windows
+Using read_all_windows() @
+https://.com/PySimpleGUI/PySimpleGUI/blob/master/DemoPrograms/Demo_Design_Pattern_Multiple_Windows1.py
+
+Only 1 window at a time is visible/active on the screen.
+
+1. INIT_WINDOW opens the GAME_BOARD screen.
+
+2. Closing the GAME_BOARD exits the game and
+returns to the INIT_WINDOW with the details
+from the previous session intact.
+
+3. Exiting the INIT_WINDOW would exit the game.
+
+"""
+
+import os
+import numpy as np
+import PySimpleGUI as sg
+
+INIT_WINDOW = None
+GAME_BOARD = None
+
+CURRENT_WORKING_DIRECTORY = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
+X_IMAGE = CURRENT_WORKING_DIRECTORY + '\\X.png'
+X_RED = CURRENT_WORKING_DIRECTORY + '\\X_Red.png'
+O_IMAGE = CURRENT_WORKING_DIRECTORY + '\\O.png'
+O_RED = CURRENT_WORKING_DIRECTORY + '\\O_Red.png'
+GAME_ICON = CURRENT_WORKING_DIRECTORY + '\\tictactoe.ico'
+
+START_GAME: bool = False
+CHECK_FOR_WINNER: bool = False
+MAIN_DIAGONAL_IS_WINNER: bool = False
+CURENT_BOARD_WON: bool = False
+CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME: str = ''
+STEP_COUNTER: int = 0
+PLAYER_SWITCH = True
+
+PLAYER1_NAME: str = ''
+PLAYER1_MARKER: str = ''
+PLAYER2_NAME: str = ''
+PLAYER2_MARKER: str = ''
+
+ROWS, COLS = (3, 3)
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY = [['' for i in range(COLS)] for j in range(ROWS)]
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY = np.array(GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY, dtype=str)
+# WINNING_PATTERNS: list = [['00', '10', '20'], ['01', '11', '21'], ['02', '12', '22'], # rows
+# ['00', '01', '02'], ['10', '11', '12'], ['20', '21', '22'], # columns
+# ['00', '11', '22'], ['00', '11', '02']] # diagonals
+
+def split(word):
+'''splits a string to constituents chars.'''
+return [int(char) for char in word]
+
+def progress_game(key: str, player_marker: str):
+'''populated the 'GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY' and
+checks for is winning condition.'''
+
+global GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY
+global CURENT_BOARD_WON
+
+continue_with_next_game: str = ''
+
+row, column = split(key)
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][column] = player_marker
+
+if CHECK_FOR_WINNER:
+game_won, winning_marker = is_winning()
+if game_won:
+CURENT_BOARD_WON = True
+continue_with_next_game = display_winner_and_continue(winning_marker=winning_marker)
+
+return continue_with_next_game
+
+def is_row_column_diagonal_complete(row_col_num: int = -1, is_row: bool = True, is_diagonal: bool = False):
+'''checks if the given row or column is complete
+to proceed with a winner.'''
+
+if is_diagonal is False and row_col_num != -1:
+if is_row:
+row = row_col_num
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][0] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][1] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][2] != '':
+return True
+else:
+return False
+else:
+col = row_col_num
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][col] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][col] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[2][col] != '':
+return True
+else:
+return False
+else:
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][0] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[2][2] != '':
+return True
+elif GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[2][0] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1] != '' and \
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][2] != '':
+return True
+
+
+def mark_the_winner(row_is_winner: bool, row_column_index: int = -1, diagonal_is_winner: bool = False):
+'''marks the winner row/column by updating
+the button row/column.'''
+
+if not diagonal_is_winner and row_column_index != -1:
+if row_is_winner:
+row = row_column_index
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][0] == 'X':
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(row)+str(0)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(row)+str(1)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(row)+str(2)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+else:
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(row)+str(0)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(row)+str(1)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(row)+str(2)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+else:
+col = row_column_index
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][col] == 'X':
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(0)+str(col)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(1)+str(col)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(2)+str(col)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+else:
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(0)+str(col)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(1)+str(col)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(2)+str(col)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+else:
+if MAIN_DIAGONAL_IS_WINNER:
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1] == 'X':
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(0)+str(0)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(1)+str(1)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(2)+str(2)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+else:
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(0)+str(0)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(1)+str(1)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(2)+str(2)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+else:
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1] == 'X':
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(0)+str(2)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(1)+str(1)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(2)+str(0)).update(image_filename=X_RED)
+else:
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(0)+str(2)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(1)+str(1)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+GAME_BOARD.Element(str(2)+str(0)).update(image_filename=O_RED)
+
+def is_winning():
+'''evaluated the current state of the gameboard
+and checks if there is a winner currently.'''
+
+global GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY
+global CHECK_FOR_WINNER
+global MAIN_DIAGONAL_IS_WINNER
+
+# check for the row wise sequence.
+for row in range(ROWS):
+if is_row_column_diagonal_complete(row_col_num=row, is_row=True):
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][0] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][1] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][2]:
+mark_the_winner(row_is_winner=True, row_column_index=row)
+# continue_game = display_winner_and_continue(winning_marker=GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][0])
+CHECK_FOR_WINNER = False
+return True, GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[row][0]
+
+# check for the column wise sequence.
+for col in range(COLS):
+if is_row_column_diagonal_complete(row_col_num=col, is_row=False):
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][col] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][col] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[2][col]:
+mark_the_winner(row_is_winner=False, row_column_index=col)
+# display_winner_and_continue(winning_marker=GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][col])
+CHECK_FOR_WINNER = False
+return True, GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][col]
+
+# check for the 2 diagonals for a winning sequence.
+if is_row_column_diagonal_complete(is_diagonal=True):
+if GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][0] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[2][2]:
+MAIN_DIAGONAL_IS_WINNER = True
+mark_the_winner(row_column_index=-1, row_is_winner=False, diagonal_is_winner=True)
+# display_winner_and_continue(winning_marker=GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1])
+CHECK_FOR_WINNER = False
+return True, GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1]
+
+elif GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[2][0] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1] == GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[0][2]:
+mark_the_winner(row_column_index=-1, row_is_winner=False, diagonal_is_winner=True)
+# display_winner_and_continue(winning_marker=GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1])
+CHECK_FOR_WINNER = False
+return True, GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY[1][1]
+
+return False, ''
+
+def display_winner_and_continue(winning_marker: str):
+'''display the winner of the current board.'''
+
+if winning_marker == PLAYER1_MARKER:
+popup_result = sg.PopupYesNo('The Winner is ' + PLAYER1_NAME + '.\nDo you want to play another game with the current players?',
+title='Board Winner!', text_color='darkblue', icon=GAME_ICON,
+grab_anywhere=True, font=('Blackadder ITC', 20))
+elif winning_marker == PLAYER2_MARKER:
+popup_result = sg.PopupYesNo('The Winner is ' + PLAYER2_NAME + '.\nDo you want to play another game with the current players?',
+title='Board Winner!', text_color='darkblue', icon=GAME_ICON,
+grab_anywhere=True, font=('Blackadder ITC', 20))
+
+return popup_result
+
+def init_game_window():
+'''Initializes and creates the game options window.'''
+init_game_layout = [[sg.Text('Player 1 Name: ', size=(12, 1)),
+sg.InputText('', key='-P1_NAME-')],
+[sg.Text('Player 2 Name: ', size=(12, 1)),
+sg.InputText('', key='-P2_NAME-')],
+[sg.Frame(layout=[[sg.Radio('X', group_id="P1_PREF", key='-P1_MARK-',
+default=True, size=(10, 1)),
+sg.Radio('O', group_id="P1_PREF", key='-P2_MARK-')]],
+title='Player 1 Preference', relief=sg.RELIEF_GROOVE,
+tooltip='Set Player 1 Preference')],
+[sg.Button("Start Game", key='-START-'), sg.Button('Exit', key='-EXIT-')]]
+
+return sg.Window('Tic Tac Toe Options', init_game_layout, icon=GAME_ICON, finalize=True)
+
+def reset_game_board():
+'''Resets the current game board and re-initializes all the
+game parameters to continue playing the game with the same players.'''
+
+global GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY
+global STEP_COUNTER
+global CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME
+global CHECK_FOR_WINNER
+global CURENT_BOARD_WON
+global GAME_BOARD
+global PLAYER_SWITCH
+
+GAME_BOARD = initialize_game_board()
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY = [['' for i in range(COLS)] for j in range(ROWS)]
+GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY = np.array(GAME_PROGRESS_ARRAY, dtype=str)
+STEP_COUNTER = 0
+CHECK_FOR_WINNER = False
+CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME = ''
+CURENT_BOARD_WON = False
+PLAYER_SWITCH = True
+
+def initialize_game_board():
+'''initialize the game board.'''
+
+global PLAYER1_NAME
+global PLAYER1_NAME
+global PLAYER1_MARKER
+global PLAYER2_MARKER
+
+GAME_BOARD_LAYOUT = [[sg.Text('Player 1: ' + PLAYER1_NAME, key='-P1-', text_color='darkblue')],
+[sg.Text('Player 2: ' + PLAYER2_NAME, key='-P2-', text_color='white')],
+[sg.Text(PLAYER1_NAME + "'s Marker: " + PLAYER1_MARKER)],
+[sg.Text(PLAYER2_NAME + "'s Marker: " + PLAYER2_MARKER)],
+[sg.Text('')]]
+
+GAME_BOARD_LAYOUT += [[sg.Button(' ', size=(8, 4), key=str(j)+str(i))
+for i in range(3)] for j in range(3)]
+
+BOARD = sg.Window('Tic Tac Toe', GAME_BOARD_LAYOUT, icon=GAME_ICON, finalize=True)
+
+BOARD.TKroot.protocol("WM_DESTROY_WINDOW", lambda: BOARD.write_event_value("WIN_CLOSE", ()))
+BOARD.TKroot.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: BOARD.write_event_value("WIN_CLOSE", ()))
+
+return BOARD
+
+# Design pattern 1 - First window does not remain active
+GAME_BOARD = None
+INIT_WINDOW = init_game_window()
+
+while True:
+
+WINDOW, EVENT, VALUES = sg.read_all_windows()
+
+if EVENT in (sg.WIN_CLOSED, '-EXIT-') and WINDOW == INIT_WINDOW:
+break
+
+if EVENT == '-START-' and not GAME_BOARD:
+
+if VALUES['-P1_NAME-'] == '' and VALUES['-P2_NAME-'] == '':
+sg.popup_ok("Error initializing players name. Enter both the players name before proceeding.",
+title='Tic Tac Toe', icon=GAME_ICON)
+
+else:
+PLAYER1_NAME, PLAYER2_NAME, PLAYER1_X, PLAYER2_X = VALUES['-P1_NAME-'], VALUES['-P2_NAME-'], VALUES['-P1_MARK-'], VALUES['-P2_MARK-']
+
+# Get the PLayer Markers to start with.
+if PLAYER1_X:
+PLAYER1_MARKER, PLAYER2_MARKER = ("X", "O")
+else:
+PLAYER1_MARKER, PLAYER2_MARKER = ("O", "X")
+
+# set the flag to start the game as once the
+# window is closed the event loop will be destroyed.
+if EVENT == '-START-':
+if VALUES['-P1_NAME-'] is not None and VALUES['-P2_NAME-'] is not None:
+START_GAME = True
+# Close the options window and start the game.
+INIT_WINDOW.close()
+GAME_BOARD = initialize_game_board()
+
+if WINDOW == GAME_BOARD and (EVENT in ('WIN_CLOSE', 'Exit')):
+GAME_BOARD.close()
+GAME_BOARD = None
+INIT_WINDOW = init_game_window()
+
+if START_GAME:
+
+if EVENT not in ('-START-', 'WIN_CLOSE'):
+CURRENT_MARKER = GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).get_text()
+GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).update(PLAYER1_MARKER if CURRENT_MARKER == ' ' and\
+PLAYER_SWITCH is True else PLAYER2_MARKER if CURRENT_MARKER == ' ' and\
+PLAYER_SWITCH is False else PLAYER1_MARKER if CURRENT_MARKER == PLAYER1_MARKER
+else PLAYER2_MARKER if CURRENT_MARKER == PLAYER2_MARKER else ' ')
+
+# Change the color of the player text to mark
+# the next player's turn. 'DarkBlue indicates
+# the player who should make the next move.'
+# Additionally, Once the player has made a move,
+# disable the button.
+if GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).get_text() == PLAYER1_MARKER:
+# increase the step counter.
+# The minimum number of steps required to win the game is 5
+STEP_COUNTER += 1
+PLAYER_SWITCH = False
+
+GAME_BOARD.Element('-P1-').update(text_color='white')
+GAME_BOARD.Element('-P2-').update(text_color='darkblue')
+
+if PLAYER1_MARKER == 'X':
+GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).update(image_filename=X_IMAGE)
+else:
+GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).update(image_filename=O_IMAGE)
+
+GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).update(disabled=True)
+
+CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME = progress_game(EVENT, PLAYER1_MARKER)
+if CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME == 'Yes':
+GAME_BOARD.Close()
+reset_game_board()
+elif CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME == 'No':
+GAME_BOARD.Close()
+INIT_WINDOW = init_game_window()
+
+elif GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).get_text() == PLAYER2_MARKER:
+# increase the step counter.
+# The minimum number of steps required to win the game is 5
+STEP_COUNTER += 1
+PLAYER_SWITCH = True
+
+GAME_BOARD.Element('-P1-').update(text_color='darkblue')
+GAME_BOARD.Element('-P2-').update(text_color='white')
+
+if PLAYER2_MARKER == 'X':
+GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).update(image_filename=X_IMAGE)
+else:
+GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).update(image_filename=O_IMAGE)
+
+GAME_BOARD.Element(EVENT).update(disabled=True)
+
+CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME = progress_game(EVENT, PLAYER2_MARKER)
+if CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME == 'Yes':
+GAME_BOARD.Close()
+reset_game_board()
+elif CONTINUE_WITH_NEXT_GAME == 'No':
+GAME_BOARD.Close()
+INIT_WINDOW = init_game_window()
+
+# The minimum number of steps required
+# to win the game board is 5.
+if STEP_COUNTER == 4:
+CHECK_FOR_WINNER = True